Which two cocktails are considered foundational knowledge for servers?

The Martini and the Old Fashioned are foundational cocktails because they represent classic cocktail recipes that not only show up frequently on beverage menus but also embody essential cocktail-making techniques that every server should know. The Martini is a simple yet sophisticated drink that highlights the art of mixing spirits and garnishes, and is often customizable, teaching servers about customer preferences. The Old Fashioned, often regarded as one of the earliest cocktails, emphasizes the importance of balancing flavors, showcasing how to combine spirits with bitters and sweeteners.

These cocktails are instrumental in understanding the basics of mixology, as they cover foundational principles such as muddling, shaking, and stirring, as well as the appropriate choice of garnishes. Mastery of these drinks can also help servers confidently engage with guests, provide recommendations, and handle variations or adaptations that a customer might request.